What are non-lethal tools that can be used against a canine?

Non-lethal tools that can be used against a canine include various options designed to subdue or deter without causing permanent harm. Both pepper spray and Tasers serve as common non-lethal deterrents in law enforcement scenarios.

Pepper spray is formulated to cause temporary discomfort by inflaming mucous membranes, which makes it more challenging for the target dog to continue an aggressive act. Tasers, on the other hand, deliver a high-voltage, low-amperage electric shock that temporarily incapacitates an animal without long-lasting physical damage.

Additionally, rubber bullets, while deemed less lethal compared to regular ammunition, can cause serious injury or even death under certain circumstances, which generally places them outside the category of non-lethal tools.

Therefore, the correct conclusion that all the mentioned tools—pepper spray and Tasers—can be classified as non-lethal options reinforces the reasoning behind selecting that answer. Each of these tools is intended to minimize the risk of serious injury while effectively allowing officers to control aggressive canines.