According to the US Code on civil process, if a civil infringement by an officer is alleged, who can be held liable?

The correct response identifies that various parties can be held liable in civil infringement cases involving law enforcement officers. This means that not only can the officer who allegedly committed the infringement be held responsible, but also the employing agency and the government can be implicated.

This multi-tiered liability structure exists because civil rights violations or other breaches of law can occur within the scope of an officer's duties, and the employing agency may share responsibility for the actions of its employees—particularly if those actions were taken in the course of their official duties. Additionally, the government entity can also be held liable under certain circumstances, such as when the infringement is a result of policies or practices that they have established or failed to address.

In legal contexts, this approach serves to ensure accountability at multiple levels, providing a mechanism for individuals to seek redress not only from the direct actor, the officer, but also from the structures that support and govern their actions. Thus, recognizing that all three entities can be held liable aligns with the principles of holding both individuals and institutions accountable for civil rights protections.